China Focus

April 4, 2024 | Carter Center Publishes Report Using Cold War Analogy for Analyzing How Nuclear War Between the U.S. and China Can Be Averted

President Carter's decision to normalize diplomatic relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China in 1979 changed both countries and the world. Facilitating expanded bilateral trade, investment, and people-to-people exchange between the two countries has allowed East Asia to enjoy relative peace and prosperity for decades.

However, the U.S.-China relationship is now under immense strain. Since 2009, the Chinese Communist Party has veered from the path of “reform and opening” that encouraged slow and steady progress toward political and economic liberalization. Washington began to criticize China’s attempts to revise the international system, and Beijing responded by accusing the U.S. of containing China’s rise.

As President Carter wrote in February 2021, “Government officials in both countries have adopted rhetoric and policies that reflect the hostility that Vice Premier Deng and I sought to calm in 1978.”

The Carter Center remains committed to preserving the legacy of President Carter and Deng Xiaoping’s historic decision while adapting to the demands of the 21st century. This requires navigating a bilateral relationship fraught with global crises, ideological divergence, human rights crises, nationalist tension, and the looming threat of conflict in the Taiwan Strait. Through its research, workshops, and online engagement initiatives, China Focus fosters greater dialogue, exchange, and critical reflection on the past, present, and future of U.S.-China relations.

Conducting Research

The Carter Center produces scholarship that provides action-oriented insights for advancing U.S.-China engagement. This includes working with numerous other think tanks and nongovernmental organizations on the “Finding Firmer Ground” report series. The Center also conducts research on Chinese public opinion about the U.S. and international conflicts.

Reducing Misperception

China Focus organizes a range of activities to enhance mutual understanding of American and Chinese interests. These include closed-door dialogues between scholars and opinion leaders, public webinars, an annual conference with young scholars, and online content that explores key sources of misunderstanding in U.S.-China relations.

Its research and programming have been cited by The Guardian, Bloomberg, The Washington Post, The New York Times, The Atlantic, Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, War on the Rocks, The Diplomat, The China Project, and more.

Engaging Online

In 2000, The Carter Center helped launch a website on village self-government in China that quickly became one of the most comprehensive websites on grassroots democracy in China. In the following decade, the Center launched ChinaElections.org, which became the most visited political reform portal inside and outside China, along with ChinaTransparency.org.

Today, The Carter Center manages three websites focused on bilateral relations and U.S.-China public opinion. These are the English- and Chinese-language U.S.-China Perception Monitor websites (now inaccessible in mainland China) and the Chinese-language China-America Stories website (currently accessible in mainland China). Content includes a variety of interviews with American and Chinese scholars, insightful analyses of U.S.-China relations, surveys of Chinese public opinion, profiles of key opinion leaders in the bilateral relationship, translations of influential commentaries into English or Chinese, and more.

Results and Impact

• In January 2024, The Carter Center hosted the Forum in Honor of Jimmy Carter and the 45th Anniversary of the Normalization of U.S.-China Relations. Speakers included U.S. Ambassador to China Nicholas Burns and U.S. Rep. Judy Chu. View their video messages.
• In September 2022, The Carter Center hosted the Seventh Annual Young Scholars Forum on U.S.-China Relations. The conference invites young scholars, including postdoctoral students and early career professors, to present their research. At the 2022 conference, three awards named in honor of President Carter were conferred on young scholars from the University of San Diego, Princeton University, and the University of Southern California.
• In March 2022, The Carter Center fielded the first survey of Chinese public opinion about the Russian invasion of Ukraine and published a critical dissent of China’s position on the conflict by Chinese academic and policy advisor Hu Wei. The dissent was widely read around the world and demonstrated elite debate in China over the Chinese Communist Party’s position on the conflict. Read the coverage.
• In May 2022, The Carter Center launched China-America Stories. The new site makes it possible to continue reaching audiences in mainland China after the U.S.-China Perception Monitor websites were censored for publishing Hu Wei’s article.
• In February 2021, The Carter Center published the inaugural issue of the “Finding Firmer Ground” report series titled “Finding Firmer Ground: The Role of Civil Society and NGOs in U.S.-China Relations.”
• In 2012, The Carter Center initiated the Carter Center Forum on U.S.-China Relations in Beijing.
• In the early 2000s, The Carter Center created websites that became important portals for debate about political reform and open government information in China, encouraging democratic awareness and civic culture.
• In the late 1990s and early 2000s, The Carter Center was the only nongovernmental organization invited by the Chinese government to assist the Ministry of Civil Affairs in standardizing election practices in more than 600,000 villages. To promote better understanding of democracy and its benefits, the Center sponsored numerous visits by Chinese officials to observe elections in the U.S. and other countries in which The Carter Center was observing elections.